ID V

based on YU Honors Admission Essay A2

The Universe – Random Process or Intelligent Design?

Imagine taking a tour of various universes, looking for evidence of design. In each universe you determine its laws, and trace its development. You look at the final product, examining it for any apparent purpose. After touring several universes, you come to our own Universe. You have to determine whether or not it is designed. Here is some evidence you might consider.

The first amazing thing about the Universe is its laws and constants. If the force of gravity was a little stronger, if a neutron weighed a tiny bit more, if the universe had expanded any faster, then the universe would have been unstable, and nothing could have existed.

The best explanation scientists can come up with to explain the “fine-tuning” of the laws is the “Multiple Universe Theory”: This Universe might be just one of innumerable universes, and it is the only one where life can exist, which is why we are in it.

While explaining away a need for G-d, this theory requires a lot more faith to believe. There is absolutely no evidence for it, it is unverifiable, and it violates Ockham's razor.

There is even more evidence of design from the existence of living things. The biological machinery and DNA coding that make up the smallest cell are far more complex than a supercomputer. Scientists believe they can explain the emergence of this complexity with Darwinian Evolution.

When living things reproduce, they copy their DNA to their offspring. On rare occasions, there is an error in copying and on extremely rare occasions, the change is beneficial. An improvement in the genes of one member of a species will give that organism a better chance of survival than its fellows. Over time this can cause a change in the species.

There is scientific evidence to show this occurs on small scale and causes minor changes in species. It may even explain minor differences between similar species, such as the different beaks of birds on the Galapagos. But can unguided natural selection alone explain the great complexity of life?

Take one small example: blood clotting. In order for blood clotting to work, 16 enzymes must be present in the blood. They must interact in a precise sequence known as the Clotting Cascade. If only one of the chemicals is missing, the blood clotting will not work, and therefore the organism enjoys no advantage from having the other 15 chemicals. How can natural selection explain the emergence of such a system?

Scientists have proposed that many of the 16 components had an additional purpose which gave the organism an advantage. Even if this is true, there is still strong evidence for design: The fact that each chemical happens to have another purpose that would allow the development of Life with with its amazing ecosystem, diversity of the species, and a mind that can contemplate it all.

After finishing with this universe, you move on to the next: a random collection of particles almost existing, before all collapsing into nothingness.

One Year

It's been a year since the beginning of Nebach! I may start posting more often.

R' Eliyahu Feinstein

YU Admission Essay (slightly edited)

R’ Elye Pruzhaner

In 1884, a terrible cholera epidemic swept through Poland and the town of Pruzhana was not spared. On the first day of selichot, Meir the coachman died, and the health authorities insisted that he be buried immediately. The Chevra Kaddisha, afraid of catching cholera, refused to carry out the burial. R’ Elye, the Rav of the town, refused to hold the selichot services. Instead, he went to the house of the deceased, accompanied by one other person. Upon seeing that R’ Elye was going to perform the burial himself, people began to gather around the house to try to persuade the Rav to let them perform the task. He remained there, until the ritual cleansing (“Tahara”) had been completed, and it was only after the burial that the synagogues were reopened for Selichot.

R’ Elye, or HaRav Eliyahu Halevi Feinstein was born in Slutzk, Russia, in 1843, and died in Pruzhana in 1929. He was my great-great grandfather and a leading rabbinic authority of his time. Many important scholars learned from R' Elye, including Rav Moshe Feinstein, his nephew and Rabbi J. B. Soloveitchik, his grandson...

R Elye held many rabbinical posts during his life, but always on one condition: that he be free from non-urgent community concerns until noon every day, so he could study Torah uninterrupted. After serving as Rav in Storbin, Kletzk, Karelitz and Reisin, R’ Elye settled down in Pruzhana. Although he received many offers to be Rav of larger cities, he preferred to stay in Pruzhana. He was twice offered the Chief Rabbinate of Israel, but turned it down because of family obligations.

In 1910, R. Elye participated in a large conference of Jewish leaders in Petersburg. He suggested that, due to changes in society, there was a need for secular education in the chadarim (Jewish day schools). He proposed that children be taught Russian and mathematics to enable them to have decent livelihoods in adulthood. The proposal was met with a lot of resistance from some of the rabbis and was not implemented. Later, the Socialists and secular Zionists were able to lure large numbers of poverty-stricken Jews to their irreligious ideologies.

Perhaps, had R. Elye's ideas been carried out, secular socialism would not have made such inroads into Judaism.

Once, a terrible fire devastated half of Pruzhana. R' Elye was abroad at the time undergoing medical treatment, but he rushed back when he heard the news. He went to the regional governor, with whom he was on good terms, and asked him a seemingly minor request: Could the government allow all building materials to be transported to Pruzhana without the usual tariff? The Russian government acceded to the request and Pruzhana became an important relay station for all of western Russia. The money saved because of the tariff exemption was used to rebuild the city, which was accomplished remarkably quickly.

In meeting R’ Elye, I would be able to see how a truly great leader balances authority and compassion, intellectual pursuits with communal responsibilities, and spirituality with worldly insight.

Some comments I’ve put on Hirhurim (slightly edited):

Post where people were saying “eilu v’eilu” applies to modern-day jewish groups:

me: eilu v'eilu? that was about shammai and hillel. maybe it applies later but definetly not nowadays.

Some other commenter: Ah, nowadays there can only be ONE way! And coincidentally it is the way of the group that you think is right! What nonsense. Eilu v'eilu implies that there is only one correct derekh in aovdas hashem today? This is the shoresh of the problem in your machaneh.

me: only some haredim would say eilu v'eilu in a halachic dispute nowadays b/c they feel gedolim can't err and therefore if there's a machlokes, they're both right. they r taking a unique case and applying it even nowadays. the hazon ish said it may apply to certain cases among rishonim but even he agreed it doesn't apply nowadays.
that's for specific halchic disputes. as for completely different groups of orthodox judaism, what does eilu v'eilu mean anyways? Obviously, the Jews should really be one group. making different agudos (groups) is forbidden by the torah. perhaps u can say different people can have their own derech, but that's not eilu v'eilu (there's one law, just diff. people have diff. personalities, etc. and have their own way. but there's no machlokes). the best choice is just to say like we say about our religion: we're right, e/o else is wrong. (although from left to right, they may be right enough to get a share in olam haba)
(pirchei-politics)


I heard a similar story:A russian minister asked the netziv or s/o about aggaditic gemaras and he replied: If the decrees you want were signed by the czar to expel or kill the jews, a poet might say "a drop of ink drowned a million people". e/o would know what it meant but in a thousand years they wouldn't. the same with aggadata.
(R. Yisrael Salanter on Aggadata )


some commenter (paraphrased) explaining gil student’s motives : i have books to sell. i better keep on blogging about the slifkin ban even though e/o is sick of it b/c that way they'll buy the books.
Me: it doesn't really explain y all the blogs are discussing it or y people r reading it and it seems like unlikely motives. personally, i'm tired of people saying they're tired of slifkin ban discussions. it's not like making of a gadol, the ban is implying scientific facts r kefirah. the controversy around the rambam's books lasted many decades or centuries and this seems to be a continuation of it. (of course, they didn't ban the mishnah torah for saying chazal could err, only now when science has advanced so much do they realize its kefirah to believe.) (its coming)


about the ban:
the "majority of gedolim" also believe the universe is 15 billion years old. they just say 15 billion years happened in a week, which doesn't mean anything.
the slifkin books were banned because they said chazal could make a mistake in science, not because they said the universe is old.